大渡河丹巴水电站长大深埋软岩各向异性及宏观力学参数研究     

刘杰  骆世威  李建林  蔡健  肖蕾 《岩土力学》2013,34(10):2919-2927

研究了层状岩体各向异性以及宏观力学参数分析方法,提出基于大型岩土分析软件ADINA各向异性材料模块,采用分区分级宏观力学参数模拟分析方法,结合“代表单元体”理论思想,对丹巴水电站二云片岩进行了各向异性模拟和宏观力学参数分析,研究得到丹巴片岩不同片理倾角宏观力学参数以及各向异性特征变化规律。研究结果显示,丹巴二云片岩尺度增加,平行片理向、垂直片理向变形模量 、 收敛幅度不同步, 变化幅度随倾角增大而增大,收敛速率更高,水平向变形模量 趋势较平缓,泊松比的变化规律恰好与之相反;随片理面倾角增大,丹巴二云片岩力学参数趋于极限值规律明显。  相似文献   

石榴石钇(Y)元素电子探针分析及应用——以佛子岭石榴云母片岩为例SCIEI北大核心CSCD     

王娟  张妍  宋传中  石永红  侯振辉  王智慧  彭春蕾 《岩石学报》2022,38(3):619-638

石榴石是最重要的造岩矿物之一,通常能够保留早期的矿物结构和物质并记录较为晚期的变形和变质反应。石榴石钇(Y)元素环带特征丰富、复杂,不同的环带特征通常暗示不同的形成环境或经历了不同的变质事件,是变质演化历史研究的重要媒介之一。以往的研究中,多以LA-ICP-MS作为石榴石Y元素的主要分析手段,EPMA主要用于主量元素的分析。但是,LA-ICP-MS的束斑尺寸(44μm)和基底效应较EPMA(0~5μm)大,当石榴石颗粒小、包体和裂隙发育或成分环带以微区尺寸内存在较大变化时,大束斑更容易覆盖某些特殊信息。通过对石榴石Y元素测试参数的调试和标样验证,最终确定峰位测试时长和背景测试时长分别为140s和70s,并进行了PHA谱峰干扰剥离,降低检测限至54×10^(-6)。本文将通过对比佛子岭石榴云母片岩(LD025)4颗石榴石的EPMA主、微量原位分析(Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Y、Al、Si、Cr、Ti、Na)和LA-ICP-MS石榴石Y元素分析结果,论证EPMA分析Y元素的可行性。石榴石X-ray Mapping和主量成分剖面揭示该4颗石榴石均为生长环带,Mn呈钟形分带,Y与X Sps呈强烈正相关性,与X Grs、X Alm、X Prp相关性不清晰。EPMA和LA-ICP-MS分析结果显示Y含量曲线在核部和幔部具有良好的一致性,Grt1~Grt3中Y均表现出自核部(500×10^(-6)~1200×10^(-6))向幔部(200×10^(-6)~500×10^(-6))逐渐降低,极边部Y含量低(20×10^(-6)~200×10^(-6))且变化复杂;Grt4中Y含量差异相对较小(180×10^(-6)~450×10^(-6)),仅在边部出现不同程度的升降。因EPMA对于Y元素含量较低(<200×10^(-6))时灵敏度不够或者LA-ICP-MS束斑尺寸大容易掩盖边部窄带成分真实变化等原因,二者在边部Y元素差异较大。分别对EPMA和LA-ICP-MS的分析结果应用Grt-Xtm温度计和Grt单矿物压力计获得的变质PT结果显示Grt1~Grt3(核-幔-边)和Grt4(核-边)均记录较为完整、统一的温压演化过程。M1→M2→M3的变质温压变化分别为T=530~544℃、P=0.78~0.82GPa→T=577~616℃、P=0.89~0.98GPa→T=631~661℃、P=1.01~1.07GPa,表现为顺时针演化型式,M1至M3反映的是一个“暖俯冲”过程。根据温度评价结果,Grt1~Grt3(1.2~1.4mm,自形程度高)形成时间应早于Grt4(0.8mm,自形程度低)。由此可知,大颗粒的石榴石Y元素含量及变化特征通常更容易揭示相对完整的变质演化历史。本次研究为变泥质岩演化历史、变质温压评价等研究提供了不同视角和思路,结合EPMA主量(矿物成分、X-ray mapping、BSE分析)和微量元素(Y等)分析能够更加精准、全面地解读地质信息。  相似文献   

北淮阳变质单元中“浅变质”带——佛子岭群主期变质条件和碎屑锆石年代学探究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

赵俊先  石永红  唐虎  李秋立  侯振辉  周甜 《岩石学报》2019,35(7):2219-2236

佛子岭群为北淮阳变质单元的重要组成部分,其位于大别碰撞造山带最北缘,处于扬子和华北板块的结合部位,构造位置极为关键。长期以来,佛子岭群一直被视为扬子板块北缘沉积产物,并以加积楔形式产出。然而,随着年代学和构造地质学的研究的深入,对其构造归属和形成动力学机制产生了差异性认识,究其原因主要是对佛子岭群变质属性缺乏准确的判定所致。为此,本研究对佛子岭群展开了详细的野外观测和区域变质岩石学研究,以及岩相学、热力学和年代学分析。研究表明佛子岭群构成较为复杂,主体由细粒的云母石英片岩、石英云母片岩和石榴云母片岩构成。主期变质PT条件评价显示,其温压范围为610～620℃和0. 9～1. 0GPa,普遍经历了中-高压角闪岩相变质,并非为"浅"变质产物,并卷入了较深层次的俯冲-折返过程。锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,佛子岭群年龄跨度较大,范围为3101±48Ma～413±9Ma,可分为5组年龄,年龄峰值分别为2537Ma、1567Ma、940Ma、749Ma和440Ma,显示了华北和扬子板块混合物源特征,最年轻的年龄峰值暗示其形成于早古生代晚期。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of Archean Metavolcanic Rocks from Kadiri Schist Belt, Andhra Pradesh, India     

K. Satyanarayana  J. Siddilingam  Jagannath Jetty 《Gondwana Research》2000,3(2):235

The basic volcanic group exposed in the Kadiri schist belt includes high Mg-basalt, basalt, basaltic andestite and dacite. The basalts are tholeiitic in composition and high Mg-basalts, basaltic andesites and dacites show calc-alkaline affinity. Major and trace element characteristics suggest that the volcanic suite has been derived from an initial tholeiitic magma which has given rise to an early basaltic type and a later calc-alkaline type of rocks. An island arc and active continental margin tectonic setting was inferred for these rocks.  相似文献   

Occurrence and significance of a quartz–amphibole schist xenolith within a mafic microgranular enclave in the Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex,SE China     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(7):894-903

The Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex is composed of rhyolitic crystal tuffs, welded tuffs, rhyodacite, porphyroclastic rhyolitic lava, subvolcanic rocks such as granite porphyry, and late quartz monzonitic porphyry and lamprophyre dikes. We report the first occurrence of a quartz–amphibole schist (QAS) xenolith enclosed within a mafic microgranular enclave (MME) in the Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex. The mineralogy of this xenolith consists of amphibole, biotite, quartz, and minor plagioclase. Petrographic and mineral composition studies indicate that the protolith of this xenolith likely originated from the metamorphic basement beneath Xiangshan. The amphibole (actinolite and magnesiohorblende) has been partially replaced by orthopyroxene at 800–1000°C and by diopside at <700°C, according to mineral thermometers; this replacement process may have taken place after the xenolith was trapped by the mafic magma host (now an MME). Studies of the QAS xenolith provide new information on the emplacement history of the mafic magma. The peak metamorphic temperature for amphibole replaced by pyroxene is higher than the crystallization temperature of the subvolcanic magma, which indicates that the heat of pyroxene formation must have been provided by the engulfing mafic melt. This magma must have emplaced to crustal level and trapped the QAS as a xenolith and then injected into the felsic magma. We suggested that the hybridization processes for the major elements of the pristine mafic magma may have been contaminated by crustal rocks to form its present composition of MME before mafic magma injection. However, the hybridization process appears not to have been formed via a single-stage process because various types of MMEs are presented in the Mesozoic magmatic rocks of SE China.  相似文献   

内蒙古呼和浩特北二道凹岩群黑云角闪片岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年     

张玉清  张婷  宝音乌力吉  银海  曾庆荣 《地质论评》2017,63(5):1328-1336

二道凹岩群是20世纪70年代初1∶200000区域地质调查时在呼和浩特市北二道凹地区命名的,其岩石组合为变质砾岩、各种片岩、大理岩等。依据最新1∶250000区调成果,自下而上分了三个岩组,即红山口岩组、哈拉更沟岩组、东梁岩组。为进一步研究二道凹岩群的地质时代,本文对东梁岩组的黑云角闪片岩中锆石进行了高精度SHRIMP U-Pb测年研究,其时代为1890±8 Ma,认为该年龄值系黑云角闪片岩原岩的形成时代,即代表了二道凹岩群上部中基性火山岩的形成年龄,结合已有的年龄数据,进一步佐证了二道凹岩群形成于古元古代(1800~2400Ma)。  相似文献   

Zircon U–Pb and biotite 40Ar/39Ar geochronology from the Anzan emerald deposit in Zambia     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

The Kafubu Emerald Area in Zambia is an important producer of gemstone-quality emeralds. The country rocks include carbonatization altered rock and emerald-hosting biotite chlorite schist from the Anzan emerald deposit in the Kafubu area, Zambia. The technique of LA-MC-ICP-MS is used to perform chronology measurements of the country rock and emerald-hosting rock which belong to Muva Supergroup, yielding zircon U-Pb concordia ages of 1966 ± 12 Ma in carbonatization altered rock and 1853 ± 58 Ma and 1344 ± 30 Ma in biotite chlorite schist. Meanwhile, dating of biotite chlorite schist using the biotite ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar method has obtained the plateau age of t = 578.3 ± 2.6 Ma, isochron age of 577.5 ± 3.0 Ma and reverse isochron age of 577.4 ± 3.0 Ma. Thus, we have redefined the age of Muva Supergroup in the Copperbelt Province in Zambia to be older than or equal to 1966 ± 12 Ma, and found that the ore bodies in the Anzan emerald deposit underwent three phases of metamorphism at 1853 ± 58 Ma, 1344 Ma ± 30 and 578.3 ± 2.6 Ma and finally accomplished the emerald mineralization. The age of the Anzan emerald deposit is earlier than the Kagem (452.1 ± 16 Ma) and the Kamakanga emerald deposits (447 ± 8.6 Ma).  相似文献   

Neoproterozoic Tectonic Setting of Southeast China: New Constraints from SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Ages and Petrographic Studies on the Mamianshan Group     

WU Ganguo  YU Xinqi  DI Yongjun  ZHANG Da 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(2):333-344

<正>Precambrian tectonic history of Zhejiang,Fujian,and Jiangxi provinces of south China is important for understanding the tectonic evolution of South China but its magmatic activity, petrogenesis,stratigraphic sequence of the Mamianshan Group is still strongly controversial.Here we present new sensitive high resolution ion micro-probe(SHRIMP) U-Pb zircon geochronological data for the Mamianshan Group and petrographical data to constrain the tectonic framework of the regions.Our results showed that the SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age of green schists of the Dongyan Formation is 796.5±9.3 Ma,the Daling Formation is 756.2±7.2 Ma,and mica-quartz schist of the Longbeixi Formation is 825.5±9.8 Ma.These data indicate that the Mamianshan Group was formed not in the Mesoproterozoic,but in the Neoproterozoic and its stratigraphic sequences should be composed of Longbeixi,Dongyan,and Daling Formations from the bottom to the top.Rocks from this Group, from Zhejiang,Fujian and Jiangxi provinces,constituted the upper basement of the Cathaysia Block that overlay the lower basement of the Mayuan Group.Detailed petrographic studies demonstrate that the amphibole schists of the Dongyan Formation in the Mamianshan Group were formed within an intra-arc rift setting rather than a continental rift as previously suggested.Rather,this island-arc type formation was developed by collision and/or subduction between various blocks resulting from the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia at c.850-750 Ma.The Zhuzhou conglomerate,distributed near Dikou Town,Jian'ou City,Fujian Province and previously considered as evidence of the Mesoproterozoic Dikou movement,is shown here not to be the basal conglomerate above the angular unconformity between the upper and lower basements.Our conclusions have important implications for understanding the Precambrian tectonics of South China.  相似文献   

Bulk chemical control on metamorphic monazite growth in pelitic schists and implications for U–Pb age data     

I. C. W. FITZSIMONS  P. D. KINNY  S. WETHERLEY  D. A. HOLLINGSWORTH 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2005,23(4):261-277

Several petrographic studies have linked accessory monazite growth in pelitic schist to metamorphic reactions involving major rock‐forming minerals, but little attention has been paid to the control that bulk composition might have on these reactions. In this study we use chemographic projections and pseudosections to argue that discrepant monazite ages from the Mount Barren Group of the Albany–Fraser Orogen, Western Australia, reflect differing bulk compositions. A new Sensitive High‐mass Resolution Ion Microprobe (SHRIMP) U–Pb monazite age of 1027 ± 8 Ma for pelitic schist from the Mount Barren Group contrasts markedly with previously published SHRIMP U–Pb monazite and xenotime ages of c. 1200 Ma for the same area. All dated samples experienced identical metamorphic conditions, but preserve different mineral assemblages due to variable bulk composition. Monazite grains dated at c. 1200 Ma are from relatively magnesian rocks dominated by biotite, kyanite and/or staurolite, whilst c. 1027 Ma grains are from a ferroan rock dominated by garnet and staurolite. The latter monazite population is likely to have grown when staurolite was produced at the expense of garnet and chlorite, but this reaction was not intersected by more magnesian compositions, which are instead dominated by monazite that grew during an earlier, greenschist facies metamorphic event. These results imply that monazite ages from pelitic schist can vary depending on the bulk composition of the host rock. Samples containing both garnet and staurolite are the most likely to yield monazite ages that approximate the timing of peak metamorphism in amphibolite facies terranes. Samples too magnesian to ever grow garnet, or too iron‐rich to undergo garnet breakdown, are likely to yield older monazite, and the age difference can be significant in terranes with a polymetamorphic history.  相似文献   

High-pressure–low-temperature metamorphism of metasedimentary rocks, southern Menderes Massif, western Turkey     

Donna L. Whitney  Christian Teyssier  Seth C. Kruckenberg  Valerie L. Morgan  Lindsay J. Iredale 《Lithos》2008,101(3-4):218-232

Kilometer-scale lenses of quartz-rich metasedimentary rocks crop out in a discontinuous belt along the southern margin of the Menderes Massif, Turkey, and preserve evidence for high-pressure–low-temperature (HP–LT) metamorphism related to subduction of a continental margin during Alpine orogeny. Kyanite schist, quartzite, and quartz veins contain kyanite + phengite + Mg-chlorite, and the veins also contain magnesiocarpholite. A deformed carbonate metaconglomerate juxtaposed with the quartzite-dominated unit does not contain HP index minerals, and likely represents the tectonized boundary of the siliceous rocks with adjacent marble. The HP–LT rocks (10–12 kbar, 470–570 °C) record different pressure conditions than the adjacent, apparently lower pressure Menderes metasedimentary sequence. Despite this difference there is disagreement as to whether these HP–LT rocks are part of the Menderes sequence or are related to the tectonically overlying Cycladic blueschist unit. If the former, the entire southern Menderes Massif experienced HP–LT metamorphism but the evidence has been obliterated from most rocks; if the latter, rocks recording different metamorphic-kinematic conditions experienced different tectonic histories and were tectonically juxtaposed during thrusting. Based on observations and data in this study, the second model better accounts for the differences in P–T-deformation histories of the southern Menderes Massif rocks, and suggests that the HP–LT rocks are not part of the Menderes cover sequence.  相似文献